Study on seasonal differences in ecological purification efficiency of tail water wetlands in municipal wastewater treatment plants
市政污水处理厂尾水湿地生态净化效能的季节差异性研究

摘要

市政污水处理厂尾水湿地生态净化效能存在显著的季节差异性，影响其长期稳定运行与环境效益。本文以典型人工湿地系统为研究对象，结合不同季节水质监测数据，分析氮、磷等污染物去除率的变化趋势及其影响因素。温度、植物生长周期及微生物活性是导致净化效能季节变化的主要原因。冬季低温抑制生物代谢过程，导致去除效率下降；春夏季植物吸收和微生物作用增强，净化效果最佳。研究成果可为湿地设计优化与运行管理提供科学依据，提升尾水处理的生态可持续性。

Abstract

There are significant seasonal differences in the ecological purification efficiency of tail water wetlands in municipal wastewater treatment plants, which affect their long-term stable operation and environmental benefits. This paper takes a typical constructed wetland system as the research object, and combines water quality monitoring data in different seasons to analyze the variation trends of pollutant removal rates (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) and their influencing factors. Temperature, plant growth cycles, and microbial activity are the main causes of seasonal variations in purification efficiency. Low temperatures in winter inhibit biological metabolism, leading to a decline in removal efficiency; while plant absorption and microbial activity are enhanced in spring and summer, resulting in the best purification effect. The research results can provide a scientific basis for wetland design optimization and operation management, and improve the ecological sustainability of tail water treatment.