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国际机械工程

International Journal of Mechanical Engineering

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International Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2024; 3: (2) ; 10.12208/j.ijme.20240022 .

Application of simulation and virtual reality technology in mechanical engineering
机械工程中的仿真与虚拟现实技术应用

作者： 宋亮 *

山西工程技术学院 山西阳泉

*通讯作者： 宋亮,单位：山西工程技术学院 山西阳泉；

引用本文: 宋亮 机械工程中的仿真与虚拟现实技术应用[J]. 国际机械工程, 2024; 3: (2) : 42-50.
Published: 2024/12/31 9:54:13

摘要

近年来，仿真与虚拟现实（VR）技术在机械工程领域的应用日益广泛，成为推动制造业数字化转型的关键技术之一。仿真技术通过计算机模拟物理系统的运行状态，显著缩短产品开发周期并降低试验成本；而虚拟现实技术则通过沉浸式交互环境，优化人机协作、提升培训效果，并支持复杂系统的可视化分析。本文系统梳理了机械工程中仿真与VR技术的核心方法，包括多尺度仿真建模、数字孪生构建流程、虚实融合交互技术等，并结合智能制造、特种设备、教育培训等领域的典型应用案例进行分析。研究表明，基于虚拟现实的数控机床调试系统可减少30%以上的试错成本[1]，数字孪生驱动的巷道截割系统能提升20%的作业精度[15]，而MR技术在鱿鱼钓机设计中实现了设计效率的显著提升[7]。然而，当前技术仍面临实时性不足、算力需求高、跨平台兼容性差等挑战。未来，随着量子计算、脑机接口等新兴技术的发展，仿真与VR技术将进一步向高保真、低延迟、智能化方向演进，为机械工程提供更强大的数字化支撑。

关键词： 机械工程；虚拟现实；数字孪生；仿真技术；智能制造；人机交互

Abstract

In recent years, simulation and virtual reality (VR) technology has been increasingly widely used in the field of mechanical engineering, becoming one of the key technologies to promote the digital transformation of manufacturing industry. Simulation technology significantly shortens product development cycles and reduces test costs by simulating the operating state of physical systems through computers; virtual reality technology optimizes human-computer collaboration, improves training effects, and supports visual analysis of complex systems through immersive interactive environments. This paper systematically combs the core methods of simulation and VR technology in mechanical engineering, including multi-scale simulation modeling, digital twin construction process, hyper-digital reality interaction technology, etc., and analyzes typical application cases in intelligent manufacturing, special equipment, education and training fields. The research shows that the debugging system of NC machine tool based on virtual reality can reduce the trial and error cost by more than 30%, the roadway cutting system driven by digital twin can improve the operation accuracy by 20%, and MR technology can significantly improve the design efficiency in squid fishing machine design. However, current technologies still face challenges such as insufficient real-time performance, high computing power requirements, and poor cross-platform compatibility. In the future, with the development of emerging technologies such as quantum computing and brain-computer interface, simulation and VR technology will further evolve towards high fidelity, low latency and intelligence, providing more powerful digital support for mechanical engineering.

Key words： Mechanical engineering; Virtual reality; Digital twin; Simulation technology; Intelligent manufacturing; Human-computer interaction

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