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国际护理学研究

International Journal of Nursing Research

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International Journal of Nursing Research. 2025; 7: (6) ; 10.12208/j.ijnr.20250287 .

Efficacy of colostrum oral immunotherapy in neonatal intensive care unit: a Meta-analysis
初乳口腔免疫疗法对NICU患儿疗效的Meta分析

作者： 周曦 *, 张虹

西安交通大学第一附属医院新生儿科 陕西西安

*通讯作者： 周曦,单位：西安交通大学第一附属医院新生儿科 陕西西安；

引用本文: 周曦, 张虹 初乳口腔免疫疗法对NICU患儿疗效的Meta分析[J]. 国际护理学研究, 2025; 7: (6) : 4-9.
Published: 2025/6/22 10:05:39

摘要

目的 通过meta分析的方法探讨初乳口腔免疫疗法对NICU患儿临床结局的影响。方法 系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、Embase、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science 数据库发表的有关NICU患儿应用初乳口腔免疫疗法的文献，检索时限为建库至2025年3月，应用Revman 5.3软件进行统计分析。结果 最终纳入9篇文献，其中中文文献4篇，英文文献5篇，纳入患者共1101例。Meta分析结果显示，初乳口腔免疫疗法能降低NICU患儿并发症发生率［RR=0.60，95％CI（0.36，0.99），P=0.05，］，缩短住院时间［RR=-4.51，95％CI（-4.68，-4.35），P＜0.05］，但对病死率［RR=0.79，95％CI（0.54，1.14），P＞0.05］及降低NEC的发生率［RR=0.83，95％CI（0.38，1.79），P＞0.05］无显著作用。结论 初乳口腔免疫疗法可以降低NICU患儿并发症发生率，缩短住院时间，但对患者的病死率和NEC的发生率无显著影响。

关键词： 初乳；口腔免疫疗法；meta分析

Abstract

Objective To study the effect of colostrum oral immunotherapy on the clinical outcome of neonates in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) by Meta-analysis.
Methods CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies on colostrum oral immunotherapy in neonates in NICU. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to March 2025. Revman 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.
Results A total of 9 studies (4 Chinese and 5 English) involving 1101 patients were included.
Conclusion  s of Meta-analysis. The results showed that colostrum oral immunotherapy could reduce the incidence of complications [RR=0.60, 95%CI (0.36, 0.99), P=0.05], shorten the length of hospital stay [RR=-4.51, 95%CI (-4.68, -4.35), P < 0.05], but had significant effect on mortality [RR=0.79, P < 0.05]. 95% CI (0.54, 1.14), P > 0.05] and the incidence of NEC [RR=0.83, 95% CI (0.38, 1.79), P > 0.05].
Conclusion  s Colostrum oral immunotherapy can reduce the incidence of complications and shorten the length of hospital stay in NICU, but has no significant effect on the mortality and the incidence of NEC.

Key words： Colostrum; Oral immunotherapy; Meta-analysis

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