Legal challenges and solutions for intangible cultural heritage protection in the digital era——Exploring paths based on the Intangible Cultural Heritage Law of The People’S Republic of China
数字化背景下非物质文化遗产保护的法治困境与出路——基于《中华人民共和国非物质文化遗产法》的进路探究

摘要

在数字化进程不断加快的今天，非物质文化遗产在新时代面临活态传承的新挑战，数字化进程与数字化衍生平台的迅速发展为非物质文化遗产的保护与创新性发展同时带来巨大的机遇与挑战。本文以数字化非遗保护与传承中的法制困境为切入，结合比较法视角下英国、日本等国非遗保护法律规制比较优势与我国现行非遗保护法条文的局限性分析，提出了调整规范主体占比、平衡应为模式与协调勿为模式和框架性支持与具体权利保护等现行法律的提升前景，并归纳出了包括调整现行法、立法司法结合、建立“三位一体”全链条保护路径与权利创新等多维度的数字化背景下非遗传承新路径，为数字化时代探索非遗新发展的法律规制路径提供思路。

Abstract

Amidst the accelerating pace of digitalization, intangible cultural heritage (ICH)—a vital repository of the Chinese nation’s collective wisdom—faces unprecedented challenges in achieving dynamic continuity in the modern era. The rapid evolution of digital technologies and derivative platforms presents both significant opportunities and formidable obstacles for the safeguarding and innovative development of ICH. This paper examines the legal predicaments confronting ICH preservation and transmission within the digital landscape. Through a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks governing ICH protection in jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom and Japan, alongside a critical assessment of the limitations inherent in China’s current legislative provisions, the study proposes pathways for enhancing existing laws. Key recommendations include recalibrating the scope of regulatory subjects, balancing prescriptive and prohibitive regulatory models, and harmonizing framework support with concrete rights protection. Furthermore, the paper synthesizes multidimensional strategies for ICH revitalization in the digital age, encompassing legislative refinement, judicial-legislative synergy, establishment of an integrated legislative-administrative-judicial protection framework, and innovative rights-based approaches. Collectively, these insights contribute to the exploration of robust legal governance mechanisms for ICH in the digital era.