Research on the occurrence mechanism and nursing countermeasures of restless behaviors during the recovery period of general anesthesia in elderly patients
老年患者全麻苏醒期躁动行为的发生机制与护理对策研究

摘要

目的 探究老年患者全麻苏醒期躁动行为的发生机制，评估针对性护理对策的应用效果，为降低老年患者全麻苏醒期躁动发生率、保障患者安全提供理论依据与实践指导。方法 选取2024年1月至2024年12月在我院接受全麻手术的75例老年患者，随机分为对照组和实验组，对照组37任，实验组38人。对照组采用常规护理，实验组在常规护理基础上实施基于发生机制分析的针对性护理对策，包括优化麻醉管理、加强术后疼痛管理、改善患者心理状态、密切监测生命体征等。通过躁动发生率、躁动严重程度评分两项指标，对两组患者全麻苏醒期的情况进行观察与分析。结果 实验组患者全麻苏醒期躁动发生率为10.5%，显著低于对照组的2.6%（P<0.05）；实验组躁动严重程度评分平均为（2.1±0.8）分，明显低于对照组的（4.3±1.2）分（P<0.05）。结论 深入分析老年患者全麻苏醒期躁动行为的发生机制，并据此实施针对性护理对策，能够有效降低躁动发生率，减轻躁动严重程度，对保障老年患者全麻苏醒期安全、促进患者术后康复具有重要意义，值得在临床护理工作中推广应用。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of agitation during the recovery period of general anesthesia in elderly patients, evaluate the effectiveness of targeted nursing interventions, and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for reducing the incidence of agitation during the recovery period of general anesthesia in elderly patients and ensuring patient safety.
Methods A total of 75 elderly patients who underwent general anesthesia surgery at our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 37 patients in the control group and 38 patients in the experimental group. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group received targeted nursing interventions based on the analysis of the mechanisms of agitation, including optimized anesthesia management, enhanced postoperative pain management, improved psychological state of patients, and close monitoring of vital signs. The incidence of agitation and the severity score of agitation were used as indicators to observe and analyze the conditions of both groups during the recovery period of general anesthesia.
Results The incidence of agitation during the recovery period of general anesthesia in the experimental group was 10.6%,significantly lower than the 2.8%in the control group(P<0.05);the average severity score of agitation in the experimental group was(2.1±0.8)points, significantly lower than the(4.3±1.2)points in the control group(P<0.05).
Conclusion   A thorough analysis of the mechanisms of agitation during the recovery period of general anesthesia in elderly patients and the implementation of targeted nursing interventions can effectively reduce the incidence of agitation, alleviate its severity, and is of great significance for ensuring the safety of elderly patients during the recovery period of general anesthesia and promoting postoperative rehabilitation, making it worthy of promotion and application in clinical nursing work.