Analysis of loosening mechanisms and anti-loosening measures for aluminum alloy bolted joints under vibratory loads
铝合金螺栓连接副在振动载荷下的松动机理与防松措施分析

摘要

针对铝合金螺栓连接副在振动载荷下的松动机理及防松措施展开系统分析。通过研究振动环境下连接副的动力学行为特征，揭示松动演化过程及影响因素。评估传统防松方式在铝合金连接中的适用性，指出其在摩擦维持、机械锁紧及装配适应性方面的不足。提出一种融合多种防松机制的复合型解决方案，并设计相应的实现路径。通过对比实验验证各类防松方式在不同振动条件下的性能表现，结果显示新型策略在预紧力保持和抗滑移能力方面更具优势，为提升连接结构稳定性提供理论依据与工程支持。

Abstract

This paper presents a systematic analysis of the loosening mechanisms and anti-loosening measures for aluminum alloy bolted joints under vibratory loads. By investigating the dynamic behavior characteristics of the joint under vibration, the evolution process and influencing factors of loosening are revealed. The applicability of traditional anti-loosening methods in aluminum alloy connections is evaluated, highlighting their limitations in friction maintenance, mechanical locking, and assembly adaptability. A novel composite anti-loosening solution integrating multiple mechanisms is proposed, along with the corresponding implementation approach. Comparative experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of various anti-loosening methods under different vibration conditions.
Results show that the new strategy offers superior advantages in maintaining preload and resisting slip, providing theoretical support and engineering guidance for enhancing the stability of bolted connections.