The effect of early enteral nutrition support therapy on patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated by swallowing difficulties
早期肠内营养支持治疗对急性脑梗死合并吞咽困难患者的影响

摘要

目的 探讨早期肠内营养支持治疗对急性脑梗死合并吞咽困难患者的营养状态、免疫功能、并发症发生率及预后的影响。方法 选取2024年1月至2024年12月期间，在我院收治的60例急性脑梗死合并吞咽困难病患作为研究对象，基于不同模式的差异，采用随机数字表法进行分组，对照组则接受常规营养支持治疗，观察组在常规治疗的基础上实施早期肠内营养支持治疗。两组临床疗效、营养指标、并发症以及负性情绪进行比较。结果 观察组总有效率优于对照组；与对照组相比，观察组在HB、TP、ALB、TSF、MAC、以及BMI上均显示出更高的数值；与对照组相比，观察组在遭遇肺部感染、泌尿系感染、吸入性肺炎及胃肠道感染等并发症方面的概率显著降低；与对照组相比，观察组的情绪状态更佳，负性情绪表现较少（p＜0.05）。结论 早期肠内营养支持治疗对急性脑梗死合并吞咽困难患者具有显著改善营养状况的效果，并能有效降低不良反应及并发症的发生率，值得临床推广和应用。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of early enteral nutrition support therapy on the nutritional status, immune function, incidence of complications, and prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction complicated with swallowing difficulties.
Methods Sixty patients with acute cerebral infarction and swallowing difficulties admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Based on the differences in different patterns, a random number table method was used for grouping. The control group received conventional nutritional support treatment, while the observation group received early enteral nutrition support treatment in addition to conventional treatment. Compare the clinical efficacy, nutritional indicators, complications, and negative emotions between two groups.
Results The total effective rate of the observation group was better than that of the control group; Compared with the control group, the observation group showed improvements in HB TP、ALB、TSF、MAC 、 And both showed higher values on BMI; Compared with the control group, the observation group had a significantly lower probability of encountering complications such as pulmonary infections, urinary tract infections, aspiration pneumonia, and gastrointestinal infections; Compared with the control group, the observation group had a better emotional state and less negative emotional expression (p<0.05).
Conclusion   Early enteral nutrition support therapy has a significant effect on improving the nutritional status of patients with acute cerebral infarction and swallowing difficulties, and can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and complications. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.