Research on optimization strategies for the matching degree between vocational education and the "Top Ten" advantageous industrial clusters in Shandong province
山东省职业教育与“十强”优势产业集群匹配度优化策略研究

摘要

山东省作为国家绿色低碳高质量发展先行区，其“十强”优势产业集群的转型升级亟需职业教育提供高质量技术技能人才支撑。本文基于山东省2021-2025年产教融合政策文本分析、32所职业院校调研数据及126家“十强”产业企业访谈资料，通过构建“制度—生态—能力”三维匹配度评价模型，系统剖析职业教育与产业集群协同发展的现实困境。研究发现，当前存在产教资源整合效率不足、专业设置滞后于技术迭代、师资科研能力薄弱等核心问题。针对性地提出“三权分置”资源整合机制、“未来产业人才储备计划”、“匠师培育工程”等优化策略，旨在推动职业教育从“跟跑服务”转向“并跑引领”，为全国职业教育与产业协同发展提供理论参考与实践范式。研究结论表明，通过制度创新、生态重构与能力跃升的协同推进，山东省可打造职业教育与产业集群深度融合的“齐鲁样板”，助力区域经济高质量发展。

Abstract

As Shandong Province serves as a national pilot area for green, low-carbon, and high-quality development, the transformation and upgrading of its ten strongest advantaged industrial clusters urgently require high-quality technical and skilled talent support from vocational education. Based on an analysis of Shandong Province's industry-education integration policy texts from 2021 to 2025, survey data from 32 vocational colleges, and interview data from 126 ten-strong industry enterprises, this paper constructs a three-dimensional matching evaluation model of "system-ecology-capability" to systematically analyze the practical difficulties in the coordinated development of vocational education and industrial clusters. The study finds that there are core issues such as insufficient integration efficiency of industry-education resources, professional settings lagging behind technological iteration, and weak scientific research capabilities of teachers. Targeted optimization strategies such as the "three rights separation" resource integration mechanism, the "future industry talent reserve plan," and the "master teacher cultivation project" are proposed to promote vocational education from "following service" to "parallel leading," providing theoretical reference and practical paradigms for the coordinated development of vocational education and industry across the country. The research conclusion shows that through the coordinated promotion of institutional innovation, ecological reconstruction, and capability leap, Shandong Province can create a "Qilu model" of deep integration between vocational education and industrial clusters, contributing to the high-quality development of the regional economy.