Investigation and analysis of social cognition and public participation in insect pollination in Beijing
北京市昆虫传粉的社会认知与公众参与的调查分析

摘要

昆虫传粉在生态系统中意义重大，维系着植物繁殖，对保障全球粮食安全及生态平衡至关重要。目前，昆虫传粉面临栖息地缩减、农药毒害等严峻挑战，北京市的传粉昆虫也受到城市化等显著影响。本研究以北京市为对象，通过对819名不同层次人群的问卷调查，深入剖析公众对昆虫传粉的认知与参与情况。研究发现，北京市公众对昆虫传粉概念有一定认知度，但深入认知不足，不同性别、年龄、职业和学历群体间存在显著认知差异，而地区差异不明显。在认知渠道方面，学校教育虽为主要途径，但部分公众对在学校增加相关知识的学习态度消极；网络、科普活动和社区宣传也发挥了重要作用，电视、广播等传统媒体宣传力度较弱。在公众参与情况上，74.6%的受访者参与过相关项目，公益宣传和栖息地建设活动参与度较高，未参与者主要认为自身作用不大、缺乏活动信息或兴趣不足。此外，公众对社会舆论推动昆虫传粉保护的作用信心不足，对媒体报道存在多方面需求，且在社交媒体传播相关知识的意愿有待提升。本研究提出优化学校教育、强化媒体宣传、提升项目吸引力，以及引导社会舆论和媒体报道方向等针对性对策，旨在提高公众对昆虫传粉认知水平与参与积极性，推动北京市昆虫传粉保护工作，维护生态系统稳定。

Abstract

Insect pollination plays an important role in ecosystems, maintaining plant reproduction and ensuring global food security and ecological balance. At present, insect pollination is faced with severe challenges such as habitat reduction and pesticide poisoning, and pollinators in Beijing are also significantly affected by urbanization. Based on a questionnaire survey of 819 people of different levels in Beijing, this study investigated the public's cognition and participation in insect pollination. The study found that the public in Beijing had a certain degree of awareness of the concept of insect pollination, but their in-depth understanding was limited. There were significant cognitive differences among different gender, age, occupation and education groups, but the regional differences were not obvious. In terms of cognitive channels, although school education is the main way, some people have a negative attitude towards increasing relevant knowledge in school; The Internet, popular science activities and community publicity have also played an important role, while traditional media such as television and radio have been weak in publicity. In terms of public participation, 74.6% of the respondents had participated in related projects, with high participation in public welfare publicity and habitat construction activities, and none of the participants mainly thought that they had little role, lack of activity information or lack of interest. In addition, the public lacks confidence in the role of public opinion in promoting insect pollination protection, and there are many demands for media reports, and the willingness to disseminate relevant knowledge on social media needs to be improved. In this study, targeted countermeasures such as optimizing school education, strengthening media publicity, enhancing project attractiveness, and guiding public opinion and media reporting direction were proposed to improve public awareness and participation in insect pollination, promote insect pollination protection in Beijing, and maintain ecosystem stability.