Advances in Ecological Economy
Advances in Ecological Economy. 2025; 2: (1) ; 10.12208/j.aee.20250002 .
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北京林业大学经济管理学院 北京
*通讯作者： 张颖,单位：北京林业大学经济管理学院 北京；
昆虫传粉在维持全球农业生产和生态系统稳定方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，受栖息地破坏、农药滥用、气候变化等因素的影响，全球范围内昆虫传粉者种群正经历较为显著的衰退。国际公约在昆虫传粉者保护方面发挥了关键作用，其中《生物多样性公约》（CBD）、《国际植物保护公约》（IPPC）、《联合国防治荒漠化公约》（UNCCD）、《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）以及欧盟《农药可持续使用指令》（EU Directive on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides）等均在不同层面促进了昆虫传粉者的保护。公约通过政策制定、资金支持、国际合作以及法律监管，推动缔约方采取相应措施减少昆虫传粉者面临的威胁。此外，UNFCCC虽未直接针对昆虫传粉者，但其在生态系统恢复、减少温室气体排放、农业可持续发展及农药管理方面的努力，对昆虫传粉者的生存环境产生了间接而深远的积极作用。本文系统分析了不同国际公约对昆虫传粉保护的具体贡献，并进一步探讨主要成员国在该领域的政策实施情况，通过比较评估国际公约对昆虫传粉的支持作用。
Insect pollination plays a crucial role in maintaining global agricultural production and ecosystem stability. However, due to habitat destruction, pesticide abuse, climate change and other factors, insect pollinator populations are experiencing a significant decline worldwide. International conventions play a key role in insect pollinator protection, These include the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the EU Directive on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides Sustainable Use of Pesticides all have promoted the protection of insect pollinators at different levels. Through policy development, financial support, international cooperation and legal regulation, the convention encourages parties to take appropriate measures to reduce threats to insect pollinators. In addition, while the UNFCCC does not directly target insect pollinators, its efforts in ecosystem restoration, greenhouse gas emission reduction, sustainable agricultural development and pesticide management have had an indirect and far-reaching positive impact on the environment of insect pollinators. This paper systematically analyzes the contribution of different international conventions to the protection of insect pollinators and explores the implementation of policies in this area in key member countries, assessing the role of international conventions in supporting insect pollinators.
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