Influence of water resources and hydropower projects on the ecosystem service functions of rivers
水利水电工程对河流生态系统服务功能的影响

摘要

水利水电工程的建设对河流生态系统服务功能产生深远影响。本文探讨了这些工程如何改变水流、水质和生物多样性，进而影响到供给、调节、文化和支持等生态系统服务。虽然水利水电工程为人类社会提供了清洁能源和水资源管理的重要手段，但同时也带来了诸如水体富营养化、鱼类迁徙路径受阻等问题。通过分析现有案例，本文提出了若干减轻负面影响的策略，包括生态流量保障、鱼道建设和环境监测等，合理规划与科学管理是实现水利水电工程与河流生态系统和谐共生的关键。

Abstract

The construction of water resources and hydropower projects has a profound impact on the ecosystem service functions of rivers. This paper explores how these projects change the water flow, water quality, and biodiversity, and thus affect the ecosystem services such as provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. Although water resources and hydropower projects provide important means for clean energy and water resources management in human society, they also bring about problems such as eutrophication of water bodies and obstruction of fish migration routes. Through the analysis of existing cases, this paper puts forward several strategies to mitigate the negative impacts, including ensuring ecological flow, constructing fishways, and environmental monitoring, etc. Reasonable planning and scientific management are the keys to achieving the harmonious coexistence of water resources and hydropower projects and river ecosystems.