International Journal of Clinical Research
International Journal of Clinical Research. 2025; 9: (5) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20250243 .
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承德医学院附属医院皮肤科 河北承德
*通讯作者： 段昕所,单位：承德医学院附属医院皮肤科 河北承德；
目的 本研究的目的是通过检测发疹型药疹与传染性单核细胞增多症两种疾病患者血浆中IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ的表达差异来筛选两种疾病实验室鉴别诊断的标志物。方法 选取承德医学院附属医院确诊为发疹型药疹患者、传染性单核细胞增多症患者和健康体检者各20例，用ELISA方法来检测三组受试者血浆中IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ的表达水平。结果 传染性单核细胞增多症组IL-2、IL-4及IFN-γ水平显著高于发疹型药疹组与对照组（P＜0.05），后两组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。Logistic回归模型预测概率为P=1/(1+e^-(-4.78542+0.085604×IL-2+0.22842×IL-4+0.10893×IFN-γ))，联合预测的ROC曲线AUC为0.991，诊断传染性单核细胞增多症的敏感性为100%，特异性为94%。结论 IL-2、IL-4及IFN-γ可作为鉴别传染性单核细胞增多症与发疹型药疹的潜在生物标志物，联合检测具有较高的敏感性与特异性。
Objective This study aimed to identify potential cytokine-based diagnostic markers by comparing the plasma levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) between the drug-induced exanthema (DIE) and infectious mononucleosis (IM). Methods A total of 60 subjects were enrolled, including 20 patients with DIE, 20 patients with IM, and 20 healthy individuals, all diagnosed or examined at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University. Plasma levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The IM group exhibited significantly higher plasma levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ compared to the DIE group and the healthy control (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the DIE group and the control group (P> 0.05). A logistic regression model was established to calculate the probability of IM using the following equation: P=1/(1+e^-(-4.78542+0.085604×IL-2+0.22842×IL-4+0.10893×IFN-γ)) The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for this combined prediction model was 0.991, with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 94% for diagnosing IM. Conclusion IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ may serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing IM from DIE. Their combined detection offers high sensitivity and specificity.
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