International Journal of Clinical Research
International Journal of Clinical Research. 2025; 9: (5) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20250235 .
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承德医学院附属医院 河北承德
*通讯作者： 杨广承,单位：承德医学院附属医院 河北承德；
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）是早产儿中一种极具破坏性的严重疾病，也是新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中最为常见的肠道紧急状况之一。NEC不仅对患儿的生存构成直接威胁，还可能导致长期的健康问题。为了更好地理解NEC的病因、发病机制以及病理生理学变化，并探索有效的预防和治疗策略，研究者们在过去五十多年中开发了多种动物模型，如大鼠、小鼠和仔猪。这些模型为NEC的研究提供了重要工具，但每种模型均有其独特的优势和局限性。因此，本文将对NEC模型的开发历程、应用特点及其在研究中的价值进行详细综述，以期为未来的研究方向提供参考。
Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a highly destructive and severe disease predominantly affecting preterm infants and represents one of the most common gastrointestinal emergencies in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). NEC poses a direct threat to the survival of affected infants and can lead to long-term health complications. To enhance our understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiological changes associated with NEC and to explore effective preventive and therapeutic strategies, researchers have developed a variety of animal models over the past five decades, including rats, mice, and piglets. These models have provided essential tools for NEC research, each with its unique strengths and limitations. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the development, application characteristics, and research value of NEC models, offering insights for future research directions.
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