Key Technologies and Development Overview of Substation Station Power Supply System Based on Photovoltaic-Storage Coordination
基于光储协同的变电站站用电源系统关键技术与发展综述

摘要

随着“双碳”目标和分布式新能源大规模并网的推进，基于光伏发电与储能协同的光储一体化微电网，作为变电站的站用电源自治供电系统，正逐步成为提升站用负荷供电可靠性与系统韧性的关键路径。。该模式通过源—荷—储闭环耦合，将本地光伏发电与储能系统有机结合，既实现了功率“削峰填谷”，又通过虚拟同步发电机（Virtual Synchronous Generator, VSG）控制与模型预测控制（Model Predictive Control, MPC）策略保障频率和电压的动态稳定。智能化能量管理系统（Energy Management System, EMS）可根据光伏出力预测与负荷优先级，实时优化储能充放电，快速响应孤岛、并网及故障切换等多种运行场景。展望未来，边缘智能控制、多类型混合储能及高性能电力电子变换技术的应用，将进一步提升微电网的自主调节能力和经济性，为新型电力系统的绿色、智能升级提供有力支撑。

Abstract

With the advancement of the “dual carbon” goals and the large-scale integration of distributed renewable energy, PV-storage integrated microgrids—serving as autonomous station power supply systems for substations—are gradually becoming a key approach to enhancing the reliability and resilience of station service power supply. This model achieves a closed-loop coupling of source, load, and storage by organically integrating local photovoltaic generation and energy storage systems, enabling both peak shaving and valley filling, as well as dynamic stability of frequency and voltage through Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control and Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategies. An intelligent Energy Management System (EMS) leverages PV output forecasting and load prioritization to optimize real-time charging and discharging of storage, enabling rapid response to islanded, grid-connected, and fault conditions. Looking ahead, the application of edge-intelligent control, hybrid energy storage, and high-performance power electronic conversion technologies will further enhance the self-regulation and economic performance of station power supply systems, providing robust support for the green and intelligent upgrading of modern power systems.