A case of a patient with long-term bed rest and sequelae of cerebral infarction who developed aspiration pneumonia
一例长期卧床脑梗死后遗症发生坠积性肺炎患者个案

摘要

本文通过对一名93岁脑梗死后遗症患者的治疗及护理过程进行分析，探讨了长期卧床、神经功能障碍以及并发坠积性肺炎的护理管理。患者张某因脑梗死伴出血转换及长期卧床，导致神经功能障碍及肺部并发症。护理过程中对患者采取神经功能康复、呼吸道护理、营养支持、皮肤护理、压疮预防及心理护理。治疗过程中，患者的左侧偏瘫和语言障碍有所改善，肺部感染得到有效预防，营养状况得到改善，心理状态也得到了显著疏导。通过分析患者的治疗与护理过程，本文强调了对长期卧床患者进行多学科、个性化护理的重要性，并为今后类似患者的护理提供了实践参考。

Abstract

This article analyzes the treatment and nursing process of a 93 year old patient with post-stroke sequelae, and explores the nursing management of long-term bed rest, neurological dysfunction, and concurrent pneumonia. Patient Zhang suffered from cerebral infarction accompanied by bleeding and long-term bed rest, resulting in neurological dysfunction and pulmonary complications. During the nursing process, patients are provided with neurological rehabilitation, respiratory care, nutritional support, skin care, pressure ulcer prevention, and psychological care. During the treatment process, the patient's left hemiplegia and language disorders improved, lung infections were effectively prevented, nutritional status improved, and their psychological state was significantly alleviated. By analyzing the treatment and nursing process of patients, this article emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary and personalized care for long-term bedridden patients, and provides practical references for similar patient care in the future.