Application of ultrasound in gynecological acute abdomen
超声在妇科急腹症中的应用

摘要

目的 分析各种妇科急腹症超声声像图特点及误诊原因，探讨超声诊断及鉴别诊断价值。方法 对58例妇科急腹症患者进行回顾性研究，分析超声声像图特点，将超声诊断与手术病理结果对比，并分析误诊原因。结果 58例患者中宫外孕48例，卵巢黄体破裂5例，卵巢囊肿蒂扭转5例，超声诊断符合率83%。误诊原因为停经史不详，症状、声像图及实验室检查不典型所致，以及部分患者不提供真实有效的病史。结论 超声对妇科急腹症有很高的诊断价值，但因声像图有许多相似之处，需结合病史、症状、体征和实验室检查对于临床医生选择治疗方式有着重要作用。

Abstract

Objective The analysis of the characteristics of ultrasound and the value of ultrasound diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Methods A retrospective study of 58 patients with gynecological acute abdomen was conducted to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of their ultrasound sonograms. By comparing the ultrasound diagnosis with surgical pathological results, the study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in such cases. Furthermore, it delved into the reasons for misdiagnosis, considering factors such as incomplete medical histories, atypical symptoms and sonographic appearances, as well as patients' failure to provide accurate and complete medical histories.
Results Among 58 patients with gynecological acute abdomen, including 48 cases of ectopic pregnancy, 5 cases of ovarian corpus luteal rupture, and 5 cases of ovarian cyst torsion, the ultrasound diagnostic coincidence rate was 83%. The primary reasons for misdiagnosis included unknown menstrual histories, which hindered accurate differential diagnosis, atypical symptoms that confused clinicians, and misleading audiogram and laboratory examination results. Additionally, some patients failed to provide true and effective medical histories, further complicating the diagnostic process.
Conclusion   Ultrasound has a high diagnostic value for gynecological acute abdomen. However, due to the many similarities in audiogram presentations, clinicians must also consider a patient's medical history, symptoms, physical signs, and laboratory examination results to make an accurate diagnosis. This comprehensive approach is crucial in selecting the appropriate treatment plan, ensuring effective care tailored to the patient's specific condition.