Application and outcome analysis of enhanced recovery after surgery (eras) in operating room nursing process
加速康复理念在手术室护理流程中的应用与效果分析

摘要

目的 随着医疗技术的不断发展和患者需求的日益增长，传统的手术室护理模式已逐渐无法满足现代医疗的需求。加速康复（Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, ERAS）理念作为一种新型的护理模式，旨在通过优化术前、术中及术后的护理流程，减少患者的应激反应，提高手术成功率，缩短住院时间，降低医疗费用。本文旨在探讨加速康复理念在手术室护理流程中的应用及其效果。方法 实验组采用加速康复理念进行护理，对照组采用传统护理模式。比较两组患者在术前准备、术中护理、术后康复等方面的差异。术前准备方面，实验组采用术前宣教、心理疏导、优化麻醉方案等措施，对照组则采用常规术前准备。术中护理方面，实验组加强手术室环境管理、精准操作、减少手术创伤，对照组则采用常规术中护理。术后康复方面，实验组采用早期肠内营养、早期活动、疼痛管理等措施，对照组则采用常规术后康复方案。结果 实验组患者术前焦虑程度显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。实验组患者术前血压、心率波动较小，术中麻醉效果更稳定。实验组手术时间较对照组缩短（P<0.05）。实验组手术创伤较小，术后并发症发生率降低（P<0.05）。实验组患者术后肠内营养耐受性更好，住院时间缩短（P<0.05）。实验组患者术后疼痛评分较低，早期活动率更高（P<0.05）。结论 通过对比分析，结果表明加速康复理念在手术室护理流程中的应用能够显著提高患者的术前准备效果、术中护理质量以及术后康复效果。具体而言，加速康复理念通过优化术前准备、术中护理和术后康复方案，有效减少了患者的应激反应，降低了手术创伤和并发症发生率，缩短了住院时间，提高了患者的舒适度和满意度。加速康复理念的应用不仅提升了手术室护理的质量和效率，还为患者提供了更加人性化、科学化的医疗服务。未来，随着加速康复理念的不断推广和完善，相信其在手术室护理中的应用效果将会更加显著，为患者带来更好的医疗体验和生活质量。

Abstract

Objective With the continuous development of medical technology and the increasing demands of patients, the traditional operating room nursing model has gradually become unable to meet the needs of modern healthcare. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) concept, as a new nursing model, aims to optimize preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative nursing processes to reduce patient stress responses, improve surgical success rates, shorten hospital stays, and reduce medical costs. This paper aims to explore the application and effects of the ERAS concept in the operating room nursing process.
Methods The experimental group was cared for using the ERAS concept, while the control group was cared for using the traditional nursing model. Differences in preoperative preparation, intraoperative nursing, and postoperative recovery between the two groups were compared. In terms of preoperative preparation, the experimental group implemented measures such as preoperative education, psychological counseling, and optimizing anesthesia plans, while the control group followed routine preoperative preparations. In terms of intraoperative nursing, the experimental group strengthened operating room environmental management, precise operations, and reduced surgical trauma, while the control group followed routine intraoperative nursing. In terms of postoperative recovery, the experimental group adopted early enteral nutrition, early mobilization, and pain management, while the control group followed routine postoperative recovery plans.
Results The level of preoperative anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group had smaller fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate before surgery, and more stable anesthesia effects during surgery. The surgical time for the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). The experimental group had less surgical trauma and a lower incidence of postoperative complications (P<0.05). Patients in the experimental group had better tolerance to early enteral nutrition and shorter hospital stays (P<0.05). Patients in the experimental group had lower postoperative pain scores and higher early mobilization rates (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The comparative analysis results indicate that the application of the ERAS concept in the operating room nursing process can significantly improve the effects of preoperative preparation, intraoperative nursing quality, and postoperative recovery. Specifically, the ERAS concept, by optimizing preoperative preparation, intraoperative nursing, and postoperative recovery plans, effectively reduced patient stress responses, lowered surgical trauma and complication rates, shortened hospital stays, and improved patient comfort and satisfaction. The application of the ERAS concept not only enhances the quality and efficiency of operating room nursing but also provides patients with more humanized and scientific medical services. In the future, with the continuous promotion and improvement of the ERAS concept, it is believed that its application effects in operating room nursing will be even more significant, bringing better medical experiences and quality of life to patients.