From "Cognitive intelligence" to "Embodied intelligence" future development trends and challenges of embodied intelligence
从“思维智能”到“行动智能”——具身智能的未来发展趋势与挑战

摘要

具身智能是人工智能向物理世界延伸的重要发展方向，使AI具备自主感知、决策与执行能力，实现从数字智能向“知行合一”的演进。近年来，具身智能在工业制造、医疗健康、智能交通、家用服务等领域展现出广阔的应用前景，推动智能系统从单一任务执行向多任务协同和环境自适应能力提升的方向发展。然而，具身智能仍面临技术体系完善、数据获取与泛化、软硬件协同优化以及产业化落地等多重挑战。本文系统梳理了具身智能的核心技术架构，分析其关键应用场景，探讨当前发展瓶颈，并展望未来发展趋势及其对社会的深远影响，以期为相关研究和产业发展提供参考。

Abstract

As a crucial advancement in artificial intelligence (AI), embodied intelligence extends AI capabilities into the physical world, enabling autonomous perception, decision-making, and execution. This evolution marks a transition from purely digital intelligence to an integrated "perception and action" paradigm. In recent years, embodied intelligence has demonstrated significant potential across various domains, including industrial manufacturing, healthcare, intelligent transportation, and home services. However, it still faces multiple challenges in technology, data acquisition, engineering, security, and industrialization. This paper systematically reviews the core technical framework of embodied intelligence, analyzes its key application scenarios, and explores the existing development bottlenecks. Finally, it presents an outlook on future trends, including the integration of cognitive and action intelligence, the construction of human-machine collaboration ecosystems, and the broader societal impact of embodied AI. This study aims to provide insights for future research and industry development in the field of embodied intelligence.