Journal of Modern Life Sciences Research
Journal of Modern Life Sciences Research. 2025; 6: (1) ; 10.12208/j.jlsr.20250001 .
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1 喀什大学生命与地理科学学院 新疆喀什
2 新疆帕米尔高原生物资源与生态重点实验室 新疆喀什
*通讯作者： 艾沙江·阿不都沙拉木,单位： 喀什大学生命与地理科学学院 新疆喀什 新疆帕米尔高原生物资源与生态重点实验室 新疆喀什；
二型花柱是作为研究被子植物花的性器官演化和物种形成过程中的主要对象，已引起进化生态学领域的高度关注。该植物对于提高异交和合法（异花）传粉效率、降低花粉和胚珠贴现、避免雌雄性功能干扰及花型内的自交亲和性等具有重要繁殖维持与进化适应意义。二型花柱植物在被子植物的双子叶和单子叶植物中进行了报道, 但该植物类群的起源和演化趋势相关理论假设存在疑问。本文对二型花花柱植物有关的研究现状、繁育系统特点、起源和演化趋势有关的假设以及二型花柱的功能维持机制和生态适应意义等方面进行了总结，并对其有关起源和演化趋势相关的模型和假说进行了分析，同时对今后二型花柱植物研究方向进行了展望。
Distyly species have become a focal model system for investigating sexual organ evolution and speciation mechanisms in angiosperms, garnering significant attention in evolutionary ecology. The floral traits of most distyly species have important reproductive and evolutionary significance. They enhance outcrossing and legitimate (cross) pollination rates, reduce ovule and pollen discounting, and avoid monoecious or inter-individual selfing, as well as interference between male and female functions within the same morph flowers. Distyly has been reported in about 25 families that lack genetic relationships, but the existence of some hypotheses regarding the floral sexual origin and evolution trend of distyly plants is still highly doubtful. In this paper, we analyzed and summarized the research on propagation and evolution mechanism of distyly plants, their breeding system characteristics, and the evolutionary adaptive significance of distyly in angiosperms. We also introduce some hypotheses and models related to the origin and evolution of distyly. Additionally, we discuss prospects for further research in this area.
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