Study on the characteristics and control measures of debris flow in the western Sichuan mountainous area
川西山区某泥石流基本特征及治理措施研究

摘要

目的 川西山区位于青藏高原与四川盆地过渡地带，地质构造活跃，泥石流灾害频发，已经造成了重大人员伤亡和财产损失。以川西山区某处泥石流为例，研究该区域某泥石流的发育特征，并提出泥石流治理措施，从而达到保护泥石流危险区居民生命及财产安全的目的,并以期为相似泥石流治理工程提供参考；方法 首先，收集研究区的地质资料，包括地质构造、地形地貌、气象水文等基础数据。其次，进行现场地质勘察，详细记录泥石流沟的地形特征、物源分布、植被覆盖等情况，并采集相关样本进行实验室分析。最后，运用力学计算方法，对泥石流的流速、流量、冲击力等关键参数进行模拟和计算，以评估泥石流的潜在风险和危害程度；结果 研究结果表明，在强暴雨及长时间降雨作用下，该泥石流的发生可能性显著增加。例如，2021年的一场特大暴雨导致该区域泥石流暴发，流量达到60立方米/秒，持续时间约60分钟，造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。此外，长时间降雨会使得土壤饱和，进一步增加泥石流的规模和破坏力；结论 本研究针对川西山区某泥石流的特点，提出了综合的治理措施和监测体系建设方案。然而，泥石流灾害的复杂性和不确定性要求我们持续关注和深入研究。未来的研究方向应包括：进一步优化治理措施的设计和实施，结合先进的监测技术如遥感监测、无人机巡查等，提高监测的实时性和准确性；开展长期的泥石流动态监测，积累更多数据以完善灾害预测模型；加强与当地居民的沟通与合作，提高防灾减灾意识和应急响应能力。

Abstract

Objective The mountainous area in Western Sichuan is located in the transitional zone between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin. With active geological structures, debris flow disasters occur frequently, which have already caused significant casualties and property losses. Taking a debris flow in a certain area of the mountainous region in Western Sichuan as an example, this study aims to investigate the development characteristics of a debris flow in this area and propose measures for debris flow control. Thus, it can achieve the goal of protecting the lives and property of residents in the debris flow hazard area, and it is expected to provide a reference for similar debris flow control projects.
Methods
Methods such as collecting geological data of the study area, conducting on-site geological surveys, and performing mechanical calculations were adopted.
Results For the studied debris flow, the likelihood and scale of its occurrence will be greater under the influence of heavy rainstorms and long-term rainfall. Corresponding control measures were proposed according to the characteristics of this debris flow.
Conclusion   In the face of the menacing and extremely destructive debris flow disasters, we must take a two-pronged approach. On the one hand, we should adopt effective control measures to fundamentally reduce the possibility and harm degree of debris flow occurrence. On the other hand, we should establish a complete monitoring system to achieve real-time monitoring and accurate early warning of debris flow disasters.