Research on the Chinese translation of western scientific and technological literature during the Ming and Qing dynasties
明清时期西方科技文献的汉译研究

摘要

本文旨在全面而深入地探讨明清时期西方科技文献汉译的历程、显著特点、广泛影响及深远意义。研究细致剖析了这一历史时期科技翻译活动的多维度面貌，揭示出该时期科技翻译不仅广泛涵盖了天文学、地理学、医学等多个关键学科领域，而且是由传教士与中国本土学者携手合作、共同推进的一项文化壮举。通过直译、意译、编译等多种翻译策略与方法的灵活运用，这些翻译活动极大地促进了中西科技文化的深度交流与融合。这些精心译制的西方科技文献译作，不仅在当时有力地推动了中国科技事业的进步与发展，拓宽了国人的科技视野，还极大地丰富了中华文化的内涵与外延，为中华文化注入了新的活力与元素。更为深远的是，这些译作对中国近现代的科技革命与现代化进程产生了难以估量的影响，为中国的科技进步与文明发展奠定了坚实的基础，具有重要的历史价值与现实意义。

Abstract

This paper aims to comprehensively and deeply explore the history, notable characteristics, extensive impacts, and far-reaching significance of the Chinese translation of Western scientific and technological literature during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The research meticulously analyzes the multidimensional aspects of scientific and technological translation activities during this historical period, revealing that the translation endeavors of this era not only extensively covered multiple key disciplinary fields such as astronomy, geography, and medicine but were also a cultural achievement jointly promoted by missionaries and Chinese local scholars. Through the flexible application of various translation strategies and methods, including literal translation, free translation, and compilation, these translation activities greatly facilitated in-depth exchanges and integration between Chinese and Western scientific and technological cultures. These meticulously translated Western scientific and technological texts not only effectively promoted the progress and development of China's scientific and technological endeavors at that time, broadening the scientific horizons of the Chinese people, but also enriched the connotation and extension of Chinese culture, injecting new vitality and elements into it. More profoundly, these translations had an immeasurable impact on China's modern scientific and technological revolution and modernization process, laying a solid foundation for China's scientific and technological progress and civilizational development. They possess significant historical value and practical significance.