International Journal of Clinical Research
International Journal of Clinical Research. 2024; 8: (12) ; 10.12208/j.ijcr.20240514 .
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1 济宁医学院临床医学院 山东济宁
2 济宁医学院附属医院内分泌遗传代谢科 山东济宁
*通讯作者： 李艳英,单位： 济宁医学院附属医院内分泌遗传代谢科 山东济宁；
目的 本研究旨在调查儿童及青少年体重状况与其体能的相关性。方法 通过随机整群抽样的方法，选取6～13岁常住地为济宁的8所中小学校的学生，依据2007年WHO儿童生长发育标准，将体重状况分为低体重（BMI SDS＜−2.0）、正常体重（−2.0≤BMI SDS< 1.0）、超重（1.0≤BMI SDS< 2.0）和肥胖（BMI SDS≥2.0）。通过50m跑、坐位体前屈、1min仰卧起坐、1min跳绳等评估患者下肢爆发力、身体灵活度、腹部肌肉耐力、整体耐力/协调性，分析体重状况与体能指标的关系。结果 男生女生肥胖的发生率分别是11.55％和10.70％，无显著差异；不同体重状况的组间比较发现肥胖组在下肢爆发力、腹部肌肉耐力、整体耐力/协调性等相关测试中的平均得分均低于体重正常组；单因素分析结果显示下肢爆发力、腹部肌肉耐力、整体耐力/协调性等方面的体能情况均与BMI SDS呈显著负相关（P值<0.05），按不同性别分组后仍呈显著负相关（P值<0.05）。结论 体重正常组的儿童及青少年的体能表现均优于肥胖组，其中下肢爆发力、腹部肌肉耐力、整体耐力/协调性与体重状况呈显著负相关，性别间无明显差异，而超重与肥胖对身体灵活度无显著影响。
Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation of weight status in children and adolescents with their physical fitness. Methods Through random cluster sampling, students from 8 primary and secondary schools aged 6 to 13 years in Jining were selected as low weight (BMI SDS <2.0), normal weight (2.0 BMI SDS <1.0) (<2.0), overweight (1.0 BMI SDS <2.0) and obesity (BMI SDS 2.0). 50m running, physical flexibility, abdominal muscle endurance, overall endurance / coordination were evaluated by sitting body forward flexion, 1min sit-up, and the relationship between weight status and physical fitness indicators were analyzed. Results The incidence of obesity in boys and girls was 11.55% and 10.70%, respectively, without significant difference; By comparison of obese groups with different weight status, the average scores of lower extremity explosive strength, abdominal muscle endurance, overall endurance / coordination were lower than the normal weight group; univariate analysis showed that the physical performance of lower extremity explosive strength, abdominal muscle endurance, overall endurance / coordination and other were significantly negatively correlated with BMI SDS (P-value <0.05), but still grouped by different gender (P-value <0.05). Conclusion The physical performance of children and adolescents with normal weight group was better than that in the obese group, in which lower limb explosive force, abdominal muscle endurance, overall endurance / coordination were significantly negatively correlated with weight status, and there was no significant difference between genders, while overweight and obesity had no significant effect on physical flexibility.
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