Evaluation of the effect of gargling with sodium bicarbonate solution to prevent oral leukoplecta after aerosol therapy with glucocorticoids
糖皮质激素雾化治疗后使用碳酸氢钠溶液漱口预防口腔白斑的效果评估

摘要

目的 探讨糖皮质激素雾化治疗后使用碳酸氢钠溶液漱口预防口腔白斑的效果。方法 选取2021年7月1日~2023年12月31日病房收治的78例使用糖皮质激素经口雾化吸入呼吸系统疾病患者，对照组采用温水漱口，实验组采用2.5%碳酸氢钠溶液和5%碳酸氢钠溶液溶液漱口，对比护理效果，统计口腔白斑发生率及口腔PH值的变化，同时观察数据间差异。结果 经统计，对照组白斑发生率6（40.00%），2.5%碳酸氢钠溶液白斑发生率7（30.43%），5%碳酸氢钠溶液白斑发生率4（10.00%），可见碳酸氢钠溶液组白斑发生率均低于对照组（P＜0.05），另外，5%碳酸氢钠溶液白斑发生率明显低于2.5%碳酸氢钠溶液白斑发生率（P＜0.05）；口腔PH值的变化可见碳酸氢钠溶液组高于对照组。结论 糖皮质激素雾化治疗后使用碳酸氢钠溶液漱口可有效预防口腔白斑发生，同时改善口腔酸性微环境，避免真菌感染的发生，值得推广应用。

Abstract

Objective To explore the effect of using sodium bicarbonate solution to gargle after glucocorticoid aerosol treatment to prevent oral leukoplakia.
Methods A total of 78 patients with respiratory diseases who used glucocorticoid aerosol inhalation through the mouth from July 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023 were selected. The control group used warm water gargle, and the experimental group used 2.5% sodium bicarbonate solution and 5% sodium bicarbonate solution to gargle. The nursing effect was compared, the incidence of oral leukoplakia and the changes in oral pH value were statistically analyzed, and the differences between the data were observed.
Results According to statistics, the incidence of white spots in the control group was 6 (40.00%), the incidence of white spots in the 2.5% sodium bicarbonate solution was 7 (30.43%), and the incidence of white spots in the 5% sodium bicarbonate solution was 4 (10.00%). It can be seen that the incidence of white spots in the sodium bicarbonate solution group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, the incidence of white spots in the 5% sodium bicarbonate solution was significantly lower than that in the 2.5% sodium bicarbonate solution (P < 0.05); the change in oral pH value showed that the sodium bicarbonate solution group was higher than the control group.
Conclusion   After glucocorticoid atomization treatment, the use of sodium bicarbonate solution to rinse the mouth can effectively prevent the occurrence of oral white spots, improve the oral acidic microenvironment, and avoid the occurrence of fungal infections. It is worthy of promotion and application.