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Scientific Development Research . 2025; 5: (1) ; 10.12208/j.sdr.20250002 .

Review of preoperative anxiety: assessment, impact on prognosis, and interventions
术前焦虑的评估、预后影响及干预研究综述

作者： 王常健, 郭一豪, 郑志坤 *, 李劲松 *

华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胸外科 湖北武汉

*通讯作者： 郑志坤,单位：华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胸外科 湖北武汉；李劲松,单位：华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胸外科 湖北武汉；

引用本文: 王常健, 郭一豪, 郑志坤, 李劲松 术前焦虑的评估、预后影响及干预研究综述[J]. 科学发展研究, 2025; 5: (1) : 6-10.
Published: 2025/3/29 22:16:34

摘要

目的 探讨术前焦虑的定义、影响因素、评估办法及其对手术预后和恢复的影响，并分析有效的干预措施。方法 本研究系统地收集和整合现有文献，分析导致术前焦虑的因素。同时，我们对各种焦虑评估量表进行了比较和分析，总结了术前焦虑对术后恢复的影响和有效的干预措施。结果 术前焦虑的主要影响因素包括性别、手术类型及患者心理状态等。评估工具包括状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）和视觉模拟评分（VAS）等，评估时可依据具体情况选择合适的方法。研究表明，术前焦虑会增加术后并发症的发生率，延长术后恢复时间。干预措施包括药物治疗（如咪达唑仑、褪黑素）和非药物治疗（如音乐疗法、针灸、心理支持等），两类方法均可有效缓解焦虑情绪。结论 术前焦虑会对手术预后产生重要影响，需综合运用个性化评估工具与多样化干预策略，最大程度改善患者预后。

关键词： 术前焦虑；手术预后；药物干预；非药物干预；评估量表

Abstract

Objective This review aims to delineate the concept ofpreoperative anxiety, evaluate the efficacy of various assessment methodologies, and explore the impact of preoperative anxiety on surgical outcomes. Additionally, it seeks to analyze and synthesize the effectiveness of intervention strategies.
Methods This review systematically integrate existing literature to analyze the factors contributing to preoperative anxiety. Simultaneously, we compares and analyzes various anxiety assessment scales. Finally, we summarize the impact of preoperative anxiety on postoperative recovery and effective intervention measures.
Results The primary influencing factors of preoperative anxiety include gender, type of surgery, and the patient's psychological state. Assessment tools for measuring preoperative anxiety include the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), etc. Assessment methods should be selected based on specific circumstances. Studies indicate that preoperative anxiety increases the incidence of postoperative complications and prolongs recovery time. Interventions include pharmacological treatments (e.g., midazolam, melatonin) and non-pharmacological methods (e.g., music therapy, acupuncture, psychological support), both of which are effective in alleviating anxiety.
Conclusion   Preoperative anxiety can significantly impact the outcome of surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to employ personalized assessment tools and diverse intervention strategies to to optimize patient outcomes.

Key words： Preoperative anxiety; Surgical outcomes; Pharmacological interventions; Non-pharmacological interventions; Assessment tools

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