Nursing of the application of B-ultrasound guidance in difficult venipuncture of NICU patients
B超引导在NICU病人困难静脉穿刺中应用的护理

摘要

目的 探讨在NICU患者困难静脉穿刺时采取B超引导干预的护理效果。方法 本研究选择了我院NICU在2021年1月至2023年6月期间收治的60例静脉穿刺困难患者，随机抽签法分为2组，各30例。对照组（常规静脉穿刺法与护理），观察组（B超引导下进行静脉穿刺与护理）。比较两组一次穿刺成功率、总穿刺成功率，以及穿刺后的并发症发生情况、患者静脉穿刺疼痛感（VAS）。结果 观察组的穿刺成功率（一次穿刺、总体穿刺）分别高于对照组，且患者穿刺后出现的并发症（局部血肿、感染、导管堵塞/脱出）发生率比对照组低，且患者静脉穿刺后的VAS评分更低（P＜0.05）。结论 在NICU患者静脉穿刺困难时应用B超引导，能有效提高穿刺成功率，减少并发症和穿刺疼痛感。

Abstract

Objective Exploring the nursing effect of B-ultrasound guided intervention during difficult venipuncture in NICU patients. Method This study selected 60 patients with difficulty in venipuncture who were admitted to our NICU from January 2021 to June 2023. They were randomly divided into two groups, with 30 patients in each group. Control group (conventional venipuncture method and nursing), observation group (venipuncture and nursing guided by B-ultrasound). Compare the success rate of one-time puncture, the total success rate of puncture, the incidence of complications after puncture, and the patient's venous puncture pain (VAS) between the two groups. Result The success rate of puncture in the observation group (single puncture, overall puncture) was higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of complications (local hematoma, infection, catheter blockage/dislodgement) after puncture was lower than that in the control group. In addition, the VAS score of patients after venipuncture was lower (P<0.05).
Conclusion   The application of B-ultrasound guidance in NICU patients with difficulty in venipuncture can effectively improve the success rate of puncture, reduce complications and puncture pain.