The application of clinical nursing pathway in elderly cataract patients
临床护理路径在老年性白内障患者中的应用

摘要

根据研究结果显示，全球约有0.4亿失明人数。白内障是导致失明的主要原因之一，占据了46%的比例。在我国，超过50%的人患有白内障。晶状体变性是引发白内障的主要因素，先天性白内障主要影响儿童，并且与遗传基因相关，已经确认了许多与此情况相关的基因位点。后天性白内障则受年龄和外界其他因素相关。目前，手术是治疗白内障的唯一方法，通常能够取得令人满意的效果。由于白内障会导致视力下降，并引起患者心理和生理上的应激反应，因此有效护理对改善患者心理状态、鼓励积极参与治疗过程、提高治疗效果以及减少并发症发生率方面非常重要。本文旨在全面综述老年性白内障患者的临床护理路径，并为行手术治疗的白内障患者护理提供参考依据。

Abstract

According to research results, there are approximately 40 million people worldwide who are blind. Cataracts are one of the main causes of blindness, accounting for 46% of the total. In our country, over 50% of people suffer from cataracts. Lens damage is the main factor causing cataracts, and congenital cataracts mainly affect children and are associated with genetic factors. Many genetic loci associated with this condition have been identified. Acquired cataracts are greatly influenced by various factors such as age and hormones. Currently, surgery is the main method for treating cataracts. Although there may be some risks, satisfactory results can usually be achieved. Due to the fact that cataracts can lead to decreased vision and cause psychological and physiological stress reactions in patients, effective care is crucial for improving their psychological state, encouraging active participation in the treatment process, improving treatment outcomes, and reducing the incidence of complications. This article aims to comprehensively review the clinical nursing pathways for elderly cataract patients and provide reference for the nursing of cataract patients undergoing surgical treatment.