Nursing experience of a patient with small cell carcinoma of lung during treatment
一例肺小细胞癌患者治疗期间的护理体会

摘要

肺癌是一种高发恶性肿瘤疾病，据相关资料统计，过去十年全世界癌症患病率、死亡率增高22%左右，其中又以肺癌患病率、死亡率最高，给人们身心健康造成极大危害。肺癌患者群体中15%~20%为肺小细胞癌，肺小细胞癌多出现在中老年群体，但近年来，女性患病持续升高，男女发病率已经达到1:1[1]。研究表明[2]，肺小细胞癌发病原因和吸烟有着密切的关系，目前，关于肺小细胞癌尚无有效筛查方式，大部分患者在就诊时已经出现严重咳嗽、呼吸困难症状，影像学、手术切除标本检查均出现疾病侵袭表现。肺门部出现大肿块，质地细腻、颜色灰白、边界不清、广泛浸润。目前，针对肺小细胞癌多以药物化疗、放射治疗、手术切除治疗为主，但由于患者对肺小细胞癌疾病知识不了解，对疾病存在恐惧、焦虑、抑郁等负面情绪，治疗配合度比较低，因此，需要重视肺小细胞癌患者护理[3]。

Abstract

Lung cancer is a kind of high incidence of malignant tumor disease, according to relevant statistics, in the past ten years, the prevalence and mortality of cancer in the world increased by about 22%, among which the prevalence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest, causing great harm to people's physical and mental health. 15% to 20% of lung cancer patients are small cell carcinoma of the lung, and small cell carcinoma of the lung mostly occurs in the middle-aged and elderly groups. However, in recent years, the incidence of female patients has continued to rise, and the incidence of male and female patients has reached 1:1[1]. Studies have shown [2] that the pathogenesis of small cell lung cancer is closely related to smoking. At present, there is no effective screening method for small cell lung cancer. Most patients have severe cough and dyspnea when they see a doctor, and there are signs of disease invasion in imaging and surgical specimen examination. There was a large mass in the hilar of the lung with fine texture, gray color, unclear boundary and extensive infiltration. At present, drug chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgical resection are the main treatments for small cell lung cancer. However, due to patients' lack of knowledge about small cell lung cancer and negative emotions such as fear, anxiety and depression, treatment cooperation is relatively low, therefore, attention should be paid to nursing care for small cell lung cancer patients [3].