Study on the value of targeted health management based on the physical examination results of freshmen
基于新生入学体检结果开展针对性健康管理的价值研究

摘要

目的 研究分析基于新生入学体检结果开展针对性健康管理的价值。方法 回顾性分析本校2022级新生入学体检情况，体检项目包括眼科、内科、外科、耳鼻喉科、口腔科、胸部透视、肝功能检查等，其中血色素、肝功能、心脏听诊异常等需要视情况转诊上级医疗机构完善进一步检查，分析新生入学体检的基本情况。同时选择其中的200名新生作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分组，分为研究组与对照组，每组各100名学生，两组学生均接受新生入学体检，其中对照组予以常规健康体检宣教，研究组学生开展针对性健康管理，依托云平台开展线上线下联合的针对性健康管理，采用《2018 年全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》评价对比两组学生干预后六大健康素养问题具备率进行评价对比。结果 2022级共有3800名新生接受入学体检，异常检出率为2.34％，干预后研究组学生《2018 年全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》6类健康素养具备率均高于对照组学生，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 新生入学体检能够及早发现新生存在的健康问题，开展针对性健康管理能够有效提升新生多方面健康素养的具备率。

Abstract

Objective: To study and analyze the value of targeted health management based on the physical examination results of freshmen.
Methods: The physical examination of 2022 freshmen in our school was analyzed retrospectively. Physical examination items included ophthalmology, internal medicine, surgery, otolaryngology, stomatology, chest fluoroscopy, liver function examination, etc. Abnormal hemoglobin, liver function and cardiac stethoscopy should be referred to superior medical institutions for further examination according to the circumstances, and the basic situation of physical examination of freshmen was analyzed. At the same time, 200 freshmen were selected as research objects and divided into study group and control group by random number table method, with 100 students in each group. Students in both groups received physical examination for freshmen. The control group was given routine health examination education, while students in the study group were given targeted health management, which was carried out online and offline joint targeted health management relying on cloud platform. The "2018 National Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire" was used to evaluate and compare the rates of students with six health literacy questions after intervention in the two groups.
Results: A total of 3800 freshmen of Grade 2022 received physical examination, and the abnormal detection rate was 2.34%. After intervention, the students in the study group had higher rates of 6 types of health literacy in the 2018 National Residents Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire than the students in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion  : Physical examination of freshmen can detect health problems of freshmen as early as possible, and carrying out targeted health management can effectively improve the rate of multifaceted health literacy of freshmen.