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国际医学与数据杂志

International Journal of Medicine and Data

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International Journal of Medicine and Data. 2022; 6: (6) ; 10.12208/j.ijmd.20220252 .

Molecular mechanisms of skin appendages formation and development
皮肤附属器发生和发育的分子机制

作者： 马晓宇, 姚彧远, 司马健 *

中国药科大学 江苏南京

*通讯作者： 司马健,单位：中国药科大学 江苏南京；

引用本文: 马晓宇, 姚彧远, 司马健 皮肤附属器发生和发育的分子机制[J]. 国际医学与数据杂志, 2022; 6: (6) : 103-107.
Published: 2022/11/15 15:30:23

摘要

皮肤附属器是胚胎发生过程中由表皮衍生而来，维持皮肤正常功能的器官。它们包括哺乳动物的毛囊、皮脂腺、汗腺、乳腺、鸟类的羽毛和鱼类的鳞片等，可以帮助生物体进行特定行为或保护它们免受捕食者和病原菌的侵害。皮肤附属器的发生发育需要很多关键信号分子在特定的时间和空间上的精确调控。Wnt/β-catenin通路是附属器发育过程中最早出现的信号通路，WNT信号与其抑制因子Dickkopf-1（DKK），以及一些下游信号如Ectodysplasin（EDA）、Sonic hedgehog（SHH）、Bone morphogenetic protein（BMP）等通路相互协同保证皮肤附属器的正确发育。本文主要以毛囊发育为例综述了皮肤附属器在发育过程中的分子机制。

关键词： 皮肤附属器；毛囊；WNT通路；EDA通路

Abstract

Skin appendages are organs derived from epidermis during embryogenesis to maintain normal skin function. They include hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, mammary glandsin mammals, feathersin birds and scales in fish.Appendages on the skin surface facilitate organisms to perform specific behaviors and protect them from pathogen invasion. The formation and development of skin appendages requires the temporal and spatial regulation of several signaling pathways. TheWnt/β-catenin pathway, as an initial signal, is a central hub for skin appendage formation, which alsorequiresother downstream signaling pathways such as BMP, EDA, SHH signaling.Overall, this review summarizes the molecular mechanismsrequired for the formation of skin appendages during development.

Key words： Skin appendage; Hair follicle; WNT signal; EDA signal

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